ARTICLES By Dr. Liyakat Takim

• Adhan  From Bid'a to Sunna: The Walauya of Ali in the Shi'i Adhan
• Adoration Adoration is a pivotal concept in the Sufi Islamic tradition which places emphasis upon inner perfection through love and harmony with the universe.
• AfricanAmericanOxford While much has been written regarding the rise and experience of the African-AmericanMuslim community, Western scholarship has paid little attention to the African-American Shi‘is.
• Ahwal
• Ali b. Abi Talib (d. 661)- Encyclopedia.
• Anti-Violence Peace and Conflict Resolution in the Islamic Tradition

• Converts  Conversion to Twelver Shi‘ism among American and Canadian women

• Deobandi Movement  Violence and the Deobandi Movement
• Dialogue  “From Conversion to Conversation: Interfaith Dialogue in Post 911 America”

• Fatima  Fatima bint Muhammad (d. 632)

• Ijtihad. Then and Now: A History of Ijtihad in Twelver Shi’ism
• Imam 'Ali  Spirituality and Ethics: The Paradigms of Imam 'Ali (A.S.)
• Islamophobia In recent times, the media has represented the “absent Muslim other” and has sought to create a stereotypical representation of Islam and Muslims that have been impossible to ignore……

• Kashani  The Concepts of the Absolute and Perfect Man in Mulla Fayd al-Kashani
• Kashshi Kashshi, Abu 'Amr Mohammad (d. 978)
• KhojasEI Definition: Originating from India, Khojas were initially converted from Hinduism to the Isma'ili branch of Islam…..

• Majlisi Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir, (1627-98), Shi‘i scholar of the seventeenth century
• Maqasid  Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘a in Contemporary Shī‘ī Jurisprudence

• NAHJ AL-BALAGHA Spirituality in the Nahj al-Balagha

• Origins The Origins and Evaluations of Hadith Transmitters in Shi‘i Biographical Literature

• Post-Islamism Islamic Law and Post-Ijtihadism
• Prophet The Qur’anic and Prophetic Model of Peaceful Coexistence and Ethical Conduct
• Prophet West Muhammad Through Western Eyes

• Ritual “CHARISMATIC APPEAL OR COMMUNITAS? VISITATION TO THE SHRINES OF THE IMAMS”

• Salat Qasar (Short) Offering Complete or Shortened Prayers? The Traveler’s Salat at the “Holy Places”
• Shi'ism Identities Multiple Identities in a Pluralistic World: Shi‘ism in America
• Shi'ism Jihad  Islam – Shi‘a The article will examine the origins of the Shi‘as and discuss their distinctive perspective on war.

• Shi'ism West The Study of Shi‘i Islam in the Western Academia

• Taklif
• TenCommandments The Ten Commandments and the Tablets in Shi‘i and Sunni Tafsir Literature: AComparative Perspective
• Theodicy

• Urf Original  The Role of Custom in Shaping Shi‘i Islamic Law